• E ubiquitin ligases are key players in the ubiquitin

  2020-12-28

  

  E3 ubiquitin ligases are key players in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway because they catalyse ubiquitination of substrate proteins.39, 40, 41 As important regulators of cellular ubiquitination, E3 ligases are emerging as attractive drug targets, particularly in cancer.42, 43, 44 However, E3 ligases

• Oysters belong to the second

  2020-12-28

  

  Oysters belong to the second largest animal phylum Mollusca, and they are globally distributed aquaculture animals (Wang et al., 2018). A number of studies have demonstrated that oysters have evolved an integrated and complex innate immune system to recognize and eliminate various invaders. An array

• br Are incretins the only mediators of the anti

  2020-12-28

  

  Are incretins the only mediators of the anti-hyperglycaemic effects of DPP-4 inhibitors? Even though both GLP-1 and GIP were identified as substrates for DPP-4 early on [17], [19], [20], [22], and DPP-4 inhibition in vivo raises levels of the intact endogenous forms of both of them [43], [44], fr

• Introduction Cyclin dependent kinases CDKs are a family of

  2020-12-28

  

  Introduction Cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) are a family of proline-directed serine/threonine kinases with roles in regulation of crucial cellular processes such as ampk pathway and transcription [1]. One of the unifying features of this family is its dependence on association with cyclins/cyclin-

• Moreover a ligand for fusin

  2020-12-28

  

  Moreover, a ligand for fusin has recently been found: the lymphocyte chemoattractant stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) binds to CHO ache inhibitor transfected with fusin and promotes secondary messenger production (Bleul et al., 1996; Oberlin et al., 1996). A new name, CXCR-4, has been proposed for

• Stress is usually comprehended as

  2020-12-28

  

  Stress is usually comprehended as an event affecting mainly the HPA axis and initiating the alarm reaction represented by activation of the adrenal medulla. This means that the levels of related hormones and neurotransmitters are significantly elevated during and after the stress. CRF, following its

• Ouabain receptor Under conditions of energy scarcity or nutr

  2020-12-28

  

  Under conditions of energy scarcity or nutritional restriction, AMPK, a critical energy sensor, is activated in response to the increased ratio of AMP to ATP. Various kinases may phosphorylate AMPK, leading to its activation. For example, AMPK phosphorylation by liver kinase B 1 (LKB1) at Thr172 res

• In the case of ionic liquids

  2020-12-28

  

  In the case of ionic liquids, the association scheme should be determined and considered for calculations. H. Soltani Panah (2017) suggested the 2B scheme for the imidazolium-based ionic liquids. His speculation has been used in this study for the modeling [22]. Considering 2B association scheme, th

• Some studies have integrated the use of cloud

  2020-12-28

  

  Some studies have integrated the use of cloud computing with user interfaces in the domain of our proposal (i.e. UI). In [24] the authors work with Android devices to achieve more flexibility in the user interfaces by making use of information about the environment (for example, with an ambient ligh

• Recently pharmacological studies have revealed that natural

  2020-12-28

  

  Recently, pharmacological studies have revealed that natural compounds achieve increasing attention due to its high therapeutic effectiveness and low adverse effect, compared with the chemically synthesized compounds. Emodin is a kind of natural anthraquinone derivative enriched in traditional Chine

• br In order to determine

  2020-12-28

  

  In order to determine the physiological roles of WT (wild type) EWSR1, Dr. Lee's group established a conventional Ewsr1 KO mouse [38]. Since then, the Ewsr1 KO (−/−) mouse model has successfully been utilized to decipher many important in vivo roles of EWSR1 (Fig. 1). EWSR1 deficiency alters mi

• To develop antagonists selective for the mouse

  2020-12-26

  

  To develop antagonists selective for the mouse EP1 receptor, we started with compound (), synthesized as previously described (). Diethyl dipicolinic Diphenyleneiodonium chloride receptor () was reduced with NaBH to . Parikh–Doering oxidation of with sulfur trioxide–pyridine complex and DMSO prod

• Several studies highlighted the potential of EOCs

  2020-12-26

  

  Several studies highlighted the potential of EOCs to promote adverse effects on aquatic organisms. It was reported the toxicity of BPA to invertebrates and fish, and the effect of lipophilicity on toxicity was analyzed (Mathieu-Denoncourt et al., 2016). There was reported the effects of PPCPs on aqu

• In principle in vitro techniques for assessing enzyme induct

  2020-12-26

  

  In principle, in vitro techniques for assessing enzyme induction might include the use of cultured hepatocytes, precision-cut liver slices, immortalized Ponesimod lines (such as those derived from hepatomas) and reporter gene constructs (where appropriate cells are transfected with recombinant DNA

• CYP A and CYP D

  2020-12-26

  

  CYP3A4/5 and CYP2D6 are among the main drug-metabolizing enzymes in humans that are responsible for the metabolism of more than 50% of marketed drugs [19], [21]. Drugs metabolized by CYPs are prone to drug–drug interactions, thereby modifying their response [18], [32]. Metabolic inhibition is also i

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